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Signal-based or camera-based OEE: what is the difference?

Signal-based OEE takes its data from machine signals and sensors, while camera-based OEE measures a line from video. Camera-based OEE suits manual and assembly lines, where people do much of the work and machine signals are often missing.

A worker in a hi-vis vest and helmet assembling a part by hand at a workbench.

What is OEE?

OEE, or overall equipment effectiveness, shows how well a line uses its planned production time. It multiplies three factors: availability, performance and quality.

Availability is the share of planned time the line was running. Performance is how close it ran to its ideal speed. Quality is the share of output that was good.

How do the two approaches compare?

An automated machine with its control cabinet, and an operator standing beside it with a tablet.
A machine like this can report its own state. A manual station like the one above cannot.
Signal-based OEE compared with camera-based OEE
Signal-based OEECamera-based OEE
Data comes fromMachine signals and sensorsCCTV video
Best fitAutomated machines that report their stateManual and assembly lines
What it needsMachine signals, sensors or connectionsCamera views of the line and access to their streams
Manual stationsHard to measure: no signalMeasured from the video

When does camera-based OEE make sense?

Camera-based OEE makes sense when the work is done by people, or when older machines have no signal to read. It can also show what a machine signal cannot, such as whether an operator is present.

What does FACSOR measure?

  • Availability and performance
  • Operator presence and idle time, near real time
  • Cycle time for each completed cycle
  • Shift output, with a projection during the shift
  • Worker efficiency, reported separately from OEE

What does camera-based OEE not measure?

FACSOR does not judge quality or defects. A full OEE score therefore needs the quality figure from your own records, such as your rejection or rework data.

Questions and answers

Is camera-based OEE as good as signal-based OEE?

They suit different lines. Signal-based OEE fits automated machines. Camera-based OEE fits manual work, where a machine signal does not exist.

Can I use both?

Yes, in principle. A plant can read signals on automated machines and use cameras on manual stations.

Does camera-based OEE need sensors?

No. FACSOR works from the CCTV cameras you already have, with no sensors on the line.

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